Should Euthanasia Be Allowed - 1675 Words

When euthanasia comes to mind, what do you think of? Do you think of people hurting, do you think of it as suicide, do you think of sick people? The big question is†¦ do you think it’s wrong? Many questions, concerns, and issues have come up with this topic in the past, because there are so many factors that go into deciding when euthanasia should be allowed, if at all. Should just anyone be allowed to decide they want to die, and have a physician assist him or her with suicide, or do they have to be sick? If they have to be sick, does mental illness, like depression, suffice as a sickness in the case of euthanasia? Should the patient go through counseling with their family before fully committing to euthanasia? There are so many things†¦show more content†¦However, none of that is true. In every nation that has legalized euthanasia, it’s exclusive to the terminally ill patients. About 20 years ago, the Dutch did a study on euthanasia and found that 86 per cent of lives were only shortened the lives of patients by a week at the most, but in most cases only by a few hours (M, Morris. 1). The patients, who are choosing euthanasia, aren’t healthy patients and are most likely already suffering a great amount of pain (M, Morris. 1). With euthanasia targeting sick people, you would think there would be a greater amount of poor, elderly, or minorities, people who are â€Å"vulnerable†, being euthanized, but that’s wrong. There were just as many â€Å"vulnerable† people, as there were â€Å"non-vulnerable† people, in a study done by the Journal of Medical Ethics (M, Morris. 1). A woman in Ireland, was rejected by the courts for euthanasia, even though she had multiple sclerosis, and would be living with extreme pain and suffering (M, Morris. 1). Her partner had to make the choice of letting her live with all of the pain, or helping her die and being sent to prison for multiple years on murder charges (M, Mor ris. 1). The choice was left in an innocent man’s hands and no matter what he decided to do, there would be some kind of consequences, all because a very sick woman was denied her right to die (M, Morris. 1). Many people think about the slippery-slope theory when it comes to euthanasia. However,

How Does Internet Addiction Affect Different Aspects Of An...

How does Internet Addiction affect different aspects of an individual and the brain? Internet Addiction Disorder, abbreviated as IAD, is defined loosely as a pattern of addictedness to the use of the internet (Mosher). Chao and Hsiao defined IAD as â€Å"an individual’s inability to control his or her use of the internet, which eventually causes psychological, social, school, and/or work difficulties in a person’s life† (Akhter). Many reports believe that an individual may rely on the internet to avoid anxiety provoking situations like face to face interaction, or as a way to escape from reality. Dr. Orzack from The Clinical Associate in Psychology at McLean Hospital would say believe that it is not those who possess a computer that is exposed to the risk of addiction, but more of the depressed, lonely, impatient, or a recovering addict who are more exposed. The Internet is a helpful tool, but once it reaches a certain level of addiction, consequences will happen on many different aspects (Murali, George). IAD is becoming a bigger and bigger concern as the new generation is more dependent to the technology. Internet addiction affects the physical aspects of the brain and the individual, the mental or psychological aspects, the social aspects, and the intellectual aspects of an individual. IAD has many physical effects on the body and the brain of an individual. The effects IAD has on the body varies from carpal tunnel syndrome, dry eyes, strained vision, aches on the back andShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Internet Addiction970 Words   |  4 Pagesand find it difficult to interact with others may develop an Internet addiction because meeting people online seems less intimidating than face-to-face communication. The desire for human connection is extremely powerful, even among people suffering from social anxiety. 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A Pew Internet and American Life Project study finds two thirds of all Americans use the internet to frequently participate in internet related activities (Fellows, 2008). Another study shows that 55%

Principles of Scientific Management in Modern Times-myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about thePrinciples of Scientific Management in Modern Times. Answer: It is a well known fact that Frederick was hired by Henry Ford of the Ford Motor Company and by implementing the principles of scientific management given by Winslow, Henry was able to mass-produce his cars at affordable prices(Foundation). Frederick Winslow Taylor was an American born in 1856. He was one of the first mechanical engineers who experimented throughout his working life to improve inefficiencies in a business organization. Frederick Taylor was the most influential management guru of the early 20th century(Schumpeter, 2015). In the year 1911, he wrote a book discussing about the work environment in a company, the drawbacks and limitations, and how these could be eliminated. This book was called as "The Principles of Scientific Management". In his book, he wrote in detail about how a business could be better run by removing the inefficiencies in its functioning and he came up with several guidelines or principles that can be followed by any organization to perform better. Following are discussed some of the principles Winslow wrote about in his book. These will help in understanding better if these principles are useful in the modern times as there has been a vast and rapid change in the technological advances. Instead of following any rules of thumb, business organizations need to take a more scientific approach in their day to day working, by determining the most efficient, effective and speedy ways to complete even the smallest of tasks. Rule of Thumb means decisions taken by manager as per their personal judgments(R). This holds true in the modern day times of advanced technologies as well. By following a scientific approach, one can get maximum output with minimum input. A perfect example of this principle can be seen in the biggest fast food chain on the planet known as McDonalds. No matter which country one visits, every McDonalds has the same method of preparing food and serving customers. All the McDonalds store throughout the world undertake any simple task like mopping and cleaning the same way (one best way)(Jain, 2016). Therefore, getting rid of the rule of thumb and using a scientific way of completing even the simplest of tasks. So, instead of the workers just throwing in a few slices of tomatoes or cheese to make a burger, there is a certain set of instructions that the employee has to follow and repeat it as many times as required in order to make the burger. The second principle given by Winslow was that work should be assigned to laborers on the basis of capability instead of randomly assigning tasks to individuals. The organization should select, train, teach and develop(Lupa, 2010). It is given that when tasks are assigned on the basis of a worker's ability, he or she will be able to perform the given tasks more efficiently as compared to someone who is either not motivated enough or not capable enough to complete a given task in the given time. McDonalds has been able to accomplish this in the McDonalds Home Office Campus in Oak Brook with a faculty of 30 resident professors where management training, operations developments, equipment familiarity practices and interpersonal skills courses are offered to workers(Markadrianus, 2014). McDonalds also provides motivation to employees by encouraging them to work harder, have more sales and better customer services. Every month, an Employee of the Month is selected which creates a healthy competitive environment within the organization. Although, some people argue that this principle is not valid in modern times. They argue that in todays world, people are not just motivated by the economic benefit of being efficient in their workplace as opposed to the workforce which worked working solely for economic reward(Priestley, 2005). The third principle of Winslow's scientific management involved proper monitoring of the employees as well as timely inspection and supervision. The third principle involved the managers developing formal working relations through establishing teamwork(Essays, 2013). Most business organizations today indulge themselves in proper follow up of their employees. Some even go ahead and have policies that allow the employers to carry out timely inspection of the employees laptops, computers or workstations. The fourth and the last principle involved equal division of work amongst the labor workforce as well as between the managers and the laborers. This allows the managers to manage their time schedules better and the workforce to be more efficient. If employers have more efficient workers, profit margins increase(Lupa, 2010). This principle was implemented by a number of businesses worldwide and almost all the organizations who put this principle to use reported greater efficiencies and outputs by up to three times. A well known example would be Dominos Pizza. Work is equally divided between workers attending customers, those involved in chopping vegetables and preparation of food items, cleaning and maintenance of the pizzeria and delivery guys. All of this is done under the supervision of managerial staff. This principle is also found being implemented in many other food outlets such as Starbucks, Pizza, Subway and KFC amongst others. The above mentioned are the four main principles that were tried and tested by Winslow. He indulged himself in a number of time based experiments and concluded the above principles. To sum it all up, Winslows four main principles of scientific management can be summarized by saying that he believed in breaking bigger tasks down into smaller ones, supervise and train the employees, keep a check on how much they work in a given period of time and motivate them by linking the amount of work they put in with their paychecks and obviously, paying more to people who perform better. In modern times, with the advances in technology and artificial intelligence, the work of humans is more of supervision nature instead of actual labor. Even so, most of the scientific management principles given by Frederick Winslow still hold true. Many organizations till date have based their business models on these principles and they continue to reap great benefits. Not only are these businesses raking in e xtreme profits but they are also able to provide their customers with better quality products at affordable or at least comparatively cheaper prices. In conclusion, it can be seen that Scientific Management is still very much a part of any organization in the 21st Century(Priestley, 2005). References Essays, U. (2013, november). Taylor's Scientific Management and its Influence on Modern day. Retrieved august 19, 2017, from UK Essays: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/management/taylors-scientific-management-law-essays.php Foundation, T. S. Scientific Management Theory and the Ford Motor Company. Jain, H. (2016, January 23). Liverpool, London. Lupa. (2010, october 23). F. W. Taylors Scientific Management Theory in Modern Day Workplace. Retrieved august 19, 2017, from Lupa4eve's Blog: https://lupa4eve.wordpress.com/2010/10/23/f-w-taylors-scientific-management-theory-in-modern-day-workplace/ Markadrianus, M. (2014, may 6). Scientific Management of McDonalds. Retrieved August 19, 2017, from michaelmarkadrianus : https://michaelmarkadrianus.wordpress.com/2014/05/06/scientific-management-of-mcdonalds/ Priestley, S. (2005, november 5). Scientific Management in 21st Century. Retrieved august 19, 2017, from Article City: https://www.articlecity.com/articles/business_and_finance/article_4161.shtml R, K. (n.d.). 5 Principles of Scientific Management: Propounded by Taylor. Retrieved august 18, 2017, from Business Management Ideas: https://www.businessmanagementideas.com/management/5-principles-of-scientific-management-propounded-by-taylor/2294 Schumpeter. (2015, september 10). Digital Taylorism. Retrieved august 19, 2017, from The Economist: https://www.economist.com/news/business/21664190-modern-version-scientific-management-threatens-dehumanise-workplace-digital

Social Recognition of the Human Individual Essay Example For Students

Social Recognition of the Human Individual Essay As a child develops from infancy to adulthood, it soaks up its environment and processes it like a biological computer. As it matures, so does the way it copes with the challenges life presents to him. If the child has the opportunity to be well educated, than he may learn from his history studies, and begin to recognize the different patterns of thought that society has gone through. Perhaps he will learn from these patterns and make an effort to use his knowledge to prevent making many of the same mistakes in his daily life that men have made before. If he studies medieval Europe, he may become skeptical of his own faith. Resulting in his search for a new religion that he can believe in, rather than continue to blindly participate as a member of the faith his parents had chosen for him. If he were to study Imperialism in Europe, than perhaps he would join an athletic team. He would form strong bonds with those within the team, but hopefully he could learn from Europes mistaken extreme nationalism and sees that the best thing he can do for his team is remain an individual, not conform to some unwritten code. He would see that it is best to create ones own identity within a group. Perhaps he has read Erich Fromm, and sees that he must recognize himself as a separate entity apart from the world around himself. He individuates. The development of this boy into an individual is exactly what Sigmund Freud would describe as a healthy development toward the formation a personal identity. It is the interactions that take place between a developing individual (the boy) and the society in which that individual lives in which we find the essence of human existence. Man has under gone hundreds of years of dialectic thought, shifting paradigms and intellectual synthesis. Only to have the culmination of human progress come down to Sigmund Freuds recognition of the individual, (with individual thoughts, emotions, morals and experiences) create a singularity through which all future perception must travel through. To get a sense of what type of society Freud changed forever, one must first examine the society from the last major paradigm before Freud, as to understand the societys influences and biases. In 1789 the fruits of the Enlightened Age were ripe and the conditions in France were right for an explosion of enlightened ideals that would define the western world for the next two centuries. Liberty, Equality and Fraternity began as the cries of the French Revolution, but would go on to mold western society into its present day form. It was Napoleon who took the fruits of the revolution and planted them in the minds of people across Europe as he conquered eastward. Despite his failure to conquer Russia and his eventual defeat, the Napoleonic Wars are the most successful and influential campaigns in western history. Napoleon institutionalized l,e,f via his Napoleonic Code. Imagine the concepts of the revolution as fruit, and France as the original orchard where the fruit was bred over hundred of years into the perfect crop. Now picture Napoleon as this great farmer who plants the seeds of this fruit across the European landscape. The stage is now set for these seeds to fructify into the paradigm of the next era of western civilization. Throughout the 1800s each one of these concepts matured and ripened in the Industrial Revolution which acted as the fertilizer and the soil as it provided the nutrients in the form of the technology, class antagonism, as well as a modern insecurity of insignificance. Liberty became the most economical of the three fruitful ideals of the revolution. It was the emerging Bourgeois who first embraced it. They were an upper-middle class that was the product of the industrial revolution and its factory systems. These were the factory owners who sought nothing more than personal economical gain. Due to the restrictive economies of the early 1800s, they were vocal supporters of the British Economist Adam Smith, most notably his ideas concerning laissez-faire, or a free trade economy without government interference. This enterprising and educated class blended Smiths free trade with Napoleons liberty to form classical liberalism. The European paradigm was changed forever by this fruit, as religion, legitimacy, and DRAM was pushed aside by classical liberal reform movements in order to make way for the new economically driven society. The rise of liberalism was a movement to allow the factory owners to gain political power without granting power to the lower eighty percent of the population, much of which the Bourgeois were trying to exploit as cheap labor at that time. As the century progresses, social reforms allow more and more people to vote, thereby expanding the socio-economic classes that were represented in the governing bodies of Europe. Artificial Intelligence once something that people EssayMany of Freuds works were read all over the world, yet they still became a favorite kindling within the Third Reich. Publicly the Nazis condemned all of Freuds work as fictitious manifestations and lies of a Jewish fool. Behind closed doors some of the Nazi ruling elite understood that if Freuds work was ever studied by a large portion of the population, than the German people might lose its faith in the Nazi party as they would realize the sadomasochistic escape from freedom that was taking place. Freuds works allows for us to truly understand the rise of the Third Reich. Without the Freudian understanding of human behavior, we probably would simply dismiss the European shift towards authoritative Fascist powers as a longing to return to Imperialism, which is a simplistic explanation that does not begin to fully grasp the historical viscera of the time period. This new Freudian synthesis analyzed mans history in a profoundly new way. The greatest psychoanalytical sociologist of the 20th century is a man who Freud had a profound effect upon, which is a testament to the massive relevance of Freuds contributions to Western society. That man was a German by the name of Erich Fromm. If one considers Freuds findings as a cause, than the synthesis Fromm published in his books is the resulting effect. Fromms publications are epitomized by the convergence of a Marxist understanding of society and a Freudian psychoanalytical emphasis upon desires, insecurities and repression. In Fromms Escape from Freedom (1941) he explains mans tendencies to escape from freedom; He explains how over the last 500 years the idea of the individual, with individual thoughts, feelings, moral conscience, freedom and responsibility has come about. With our newfound individuality came feelings of loneliness and isolation. Therefore, whenever we can, we tend to run from our freedom to sources of security and false identity. Despite all of the human progression over the last half millennium, man still fears isolation from which he desires freedom. Fromm also explains in his books the ideas of determinism, may it be biological determinism (Freudian) or socio-economic determinism (Marxist). Once again it is the perfectly complimenting ideologies of Freud and Marx that Fromm uses harmoniously to explain the history of human development, from which present society learns. Freudian ideologies are slowly woven into the social fabric more and more as man expands his understanding of himself. The specialized profession Freud created, psychology, has assumed the role in modern western society as almost an oracle where men seek answers to there biggest problems (and due to the mentally exhausting modern infrastructure it is usually mental). If a man is seriously troubled or confused then he goes to his psychoanalyst for answers which proves that contemporary society not only utilizes Freudian ideologies, but after each session with his doctor that individual will take what he has learned and apply it to the world around himself. Therapy is an example of just one means of integration of Freud into the contemporary paradigm. If you look closely at our cultural arts the are Freudian influences all over. Contemporary actors study the psychological make up of their characters. He wants to know the why behind every one of his actions, and in order to give the best possible performance; he attempts to portray his character with conflicts on many different levels. He makes the characters desires and insecurities his own as so he can truly become that character. Now if Freud saw the way contemporary actors prepare their roles, he would argue that they were trying to put on a mask to show the world because they were too insecure of their own identity. They would be fulfilling deeply hidden desires from their childhood to escape reality somehow, in order to be someone else because they did not want to individuate, or separate themselves from their characters. American sociologist Philip Reiss once explained the self-image of the 20th century was that of the psychological man. Arguments can be made for the economic or even political man, but I believe that in every decade throughout the 20th century the emergence of the individual and the self-discovery of mans mental capacity has been a central and under lying theme. Of course the pivotal cause of this effect is when psychoanalysis was first created and employed correctly. Psychoanalysis was the first proven scientific method that could be utilized by scientists for factual and accurate experimentation and documentation in probing the human unconscious, conscious and perception of reality. Freud truly was a prism as his entire career was devoted to taking a solid ray of white light, representing the social fabric, and splitting it up into a diverse array of colors. He focuses upon the study of the individual colors that made up the solid ray of light, rather than the white ray itself.